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Organs
The viscera are the organs of the thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and head and neck, along with the brain and spinal cord. For each one, courses expect its position and surface markings, its parts, what lies next to it, and the arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatics that serve it.
Every organ in the AnatoMemory reference is listed below, grouped by body region. Each card covers location, parts, relations, blood supply, innervation, and venous and lymphatic drainage where the reference records them.
226 organs, grouped by region
Upper limb
1Lower limb
3Thorax
48- AlveolusMicroscopic air space at the gas-exchange surface
- Aortic valveThe valve at the left ventricular outlet
- Atrioventricular bundle (of His)Electrical passage through the atrioventricular insulation
- Atrioventricular nodeA controlled delay between atrial and ventricular activation
- Auricles (atrial appendages)Atrial appendages beside the great-vessel roots
- BronchiolesSmall airways without supporting cartilage
- Bronchopulmonary segmentBronchovascular subdivision of a lung lobe
- Bronchopulmonary segments of the left lungLeft-lung territories with common segment combinations
- Bronchopulmonary segments of the right lungTen standard named right-lung territories
- Bundle branchesPaired routes from the His bundle into the ventricles
- CarinaInternal ridge between the main bronchial openings
- Crista terminalisRight atrial ridge where pectinate muscles begin
- Esophageal constrictionsUsual narrowing sites along the swallowing passage
- EsophagusMuscular passage from pharynx to stomach
- Fibrous pericardiumThe connective-tissue sac surrounding the heart
- Fossa ovalisThin atrial depression left by a fetal passage
- HeartConnects the lung and body circulations
- Interatrial septumTrue partition and folds between the atrial chambers
- Interventricular septumContractile partition shared by both ventricles
- Left atriumPosterior chamber receiving pulmonary venous return
- Left inferior lobeLeft lobe behind the heart and above the diaphragm
- Left lungTwo-lobed lung sharing the chest with the heart
- Left main bronchusMain airway beneath the aortic arch
- Left superior lobeUpper left lobe including the lingula
- Left ventricleSystemic-pressure pump forming the cardiac apex
- LingulaTwo-segment projection of the left superior lobe
- Lobar (secondary) bronchiAirways assigned to individual lung lobes
- Lymph nodeOrganized immune tissue along a lymphatic route
- Mitral valveA two-leaflet apparatus guarding the left atrioventricular opening
- Parasternal (internal mammary) nodesLymph nodes following the vessels beside the sternum
- Parietal pleuraPleural lining attached to the thoracic boundary
- Pulmonary valveThe semilunar outlet of the right ventricle
- Purkinje fibersSpecialized muscle cells that distribute ventricular excitation
- Right atriumReceives systemic veins before the right ventricle
- Right inferior lobePosterior and basal right lung lobe
- Right lungThree-lobed lung beside the right mediastinum
- Right main bronchusShort main airway entering the right lung
- Right middle lobeAnterior right lobe between two fissures
- Right superior lobeUpper right lobe containing the lung apex
- Right ventricleAnterior ventricle supplying the lungs
- Segmental (tertiary) bronchiAirways defining bronchopulmonary segments
- Serous pericardiumContinuous parietal and visceral surfaces around the heart
- Sinoatrial nodeThe usual starting point of each heartbeat
- ThymusA specialized environment for developing T cells
- TracheaCartilage-supported airway between larynx and bronchi
- Tracheobronchial lymph nodesMediastinal nodes around the central airway division
- Tricuspid valveThe right atrioventricular valve and its supports
- Visceral pleuraThin pleural covering attached to the lung
Abdomen
62- Abdominal part of the ureterA muscular conduit descending over psoas major
- Accessory pancreatic ductA variable dorsal duct outlet at the minor papilla
- Ascending (fourth) part of the duodenumDuodenal ascent toward the mobile jejunum
- Ascending colonRight-sided colonic ascent toward the liver
- Body and pyloric antrumSecretory reservoir and distal gastric mixer
- Cardia of the stomachMucosal entry region around the gastroesophageal junction
- Caudate and quadrate lobesSurface lobes that map differently onto functional segments
- CecumBlind colonic pouch below the ileal opening
- Collecting duct systemThe final regulated route through cortex and medulla
- Common bile ductFinal extrahepatic route from the liver and gallbladder
- Common hepatic ductHepatic outflow above the cystic duct junction
- Couinaud segmentsA portal-territory map of the liver
- Cystic ductBidirectional connection to the gallbladder
- Descending (second) part of the duodenumDuodenal segment beside the pancreatic head
- Descending colonFixed left colonic segment approaching the sigmoid
- Distal convoluted tubuleA cortical segment for controlled electrolyte recovery
- DuodenumFixed proximal bowel receiving digestive secretions
- Fundus of the stomachProximal gastric reservoir beneath the left diaphragm
- GallbladderBile storage organ against the inferior liver
- Greater curvatureLong convex gastric margin carrying omental attachments
- Hepatic lobule and acinusMicroscopic maps organized around blood and bile flow
- Hepatopancreatic ampullaVariable common outlet of bile and pancreatic ducts
- Horizontal (third) part of the duodenumDuodenal crossing beneath the mesenteric vessels
- Ileocecal junctionSmall-to-large bowel transition with variable valve geometry
- IleumDistal mobile bowel with specialized absorptive and immune roles
- JejunumProximal mobile bowel with prominent absorptive folds
- Jejunum versus ileumA gradual change in bowel and mesenteric architecture
- KidneyA retroperitoneal organ for filtration and homeostasis
- Left colic (splenic) flexureColonic bend near the spleen and an arterial border zone
- Left lobe of the liverSurface left lobe versus the larger functional left liver
- Lesser curvatureConcave gastric border facing the liver
- LiverMetabolic organ receiving portal and arterial inflow
- Loop of HenleTubular limbs with contrasting transport properties
- Lower esophageal sphincterIntrinsic smooth-muscle barrier supported by the crura
- Main pancreatic ductLongitudinal collecting route through the pancreas
- Major duodenal papillaLuminal landmark of the main biliopancreatic outlet
- Meckel's diverticulumTrue ileal diverticulum from an embryonic gut connection
- Mesenteric lymph nodesImmune surveillance along intestinal vessels
- NephronA filtering corpuscle connected to a selective tubule
- Para-aortic (lumbar) lymph nodesLumbar lymph nodes around the great abdominal vessels
- Positions of the appendixA stable cecal origin with a variable tip
- Pre-aortic lymph nodesCentral nodes associated with the three gut arteries
- Proximal convoluted tubuleA brush-bordered epithelium for bulk recovery
- Pyloric sphincterMuscular regulator at the gastric outlet
- Renal calycesBranching urine-collecting cups in the renal sinus
- Renal corpuscleThe glomerular filter and its surrounding capsule
- Renal cortexThe glomerulus-containing outer renal tissue
- Renal medulla and pyramidsThe tubular and vascular core of the concentrating system
- Renal papillaThe pyramid tip opening into a minor calyx
- Renal pelvisThe upper urinary funnel between calyces and ureter
- Right colic (hepatic) flexureColonic turn below the right liver
- Right lobe of the liverLarge surface lobe distinct from functional right liver
- Sigmoid colonA mobile pelvic loop before the rectum
- Sphincter of OddiA muscular valve system at the duct outlets
- SpleenBlood filtration and immune defence beneath the left ribs
- StomachA muscular reservoir that begins protein digestion
- Superior (first) part of the duodenumThe proximal duodenum beside the gastric outlet
- Teniae coliLongitudinal muscle concentrated into three bands
- Transverse colonA mobile colonic bridge across the abdomen
- UreterA peristaltic connection from kidney to bladder
- Ureteropelvic junctionThe transition from renal funnel to ureter
- Vermiform appendixA lymphoid-rich blind extension of the cecum
Pelvis
49- Ampulla of the uterine tubeThe broad tubal segment where fertilization usually occurs
- Anal canalThe continence-controlled outlet of the gut
- Bulb of the penisExpanded proximal spongiosum beneath the perineal membrane
- Bulb of the vestibulePaired erectile tissue beside the vaginal opening
- Central zone of the prostateGlandular tissue surrounding the ejaculatory ducts
- Cervical transformation zoneThe changing interface of cervical epithelial types
- CervixThe uterine neck surrounding the cervical canal
- ClitorisA sensory and erectile complex with mostly internal parts
- Common iliac lymph nodesA major link from pelvic nodes to lumbar chains
- Corpus cavernosum of the penisPaired erectile compartments responsible for rigidity
- Corpus spongiosumErectile tissue surrounding the spongy urethra
- Ductus deferens (vas deferens)Muscular transport from epididymal tail to ejaculatory duct
- Ejaculatory ductThe terminal shared route for sperm and seminal-vesicle fluid
- EndometriumA regenerating mucosa responsive to ovarian hormones
- EpididymisA coiled duct for sperm maturation and storage
- External iliac lymph nodesPelvic continuation of inguinal and anterior visceral drainage
- Female urethraA short urinary outlet supported against the vagina
- Glans penisThe distal expansion of the corpus spongiosum
- Infundibulum and fimbriaeFimbriae surrounding the tube's abdominal opening
- Internal anal sphincterAn involuntary smooth-muscle contributor to closure
- Internal iliac lymph nodesLymphatic stations beside the internal iliac branches
- Isthmus of the uterine tubeThe narrow muscular segment beside the uterine wall
- Male urethraA shared outlet through prostate, perineum and penis
- Membranous urethraThe sphincter-associated segment below the prostate
- MyometriumInterlacing uterine muscle for growth and contraction
- OvaryA mobile pelvic gonad containing follicles and endocrine tissue
- Pectinate (dentate) lineA regional landmark formed by the anal valves
- Pelvic part of the ureterThe sidewall-to-bladder portion of the urinary conduit
- PenisCoordinated erectile tissue, sensation and urethral transport
- Peripheral zone of the prostateThe large posterior glandular territory of the prostate
- ProstateA gland surrounding the urethra beneath the bladder
- Prostatic urethraThe urethral segment receiving reproductive ducts
- RectumA pelvic reservoir with a continuous longitudinal coat
- Rete testisCollecting channels at the back of the testis
- ScrotumA divided skin pouch that helps cool the testes
- Seminal vesicleA secretory gland between bladder and rectum
- Seminiferous tubulesCoiled epithelial tubes where sperm develop
- Spongy (penile) urethraThe long urethral segment inside corpus spongiosum
- TestisThe gonad that produces sperm and androgens
- Transition zone of the prostateGlandular tissue beside the proximal prostatic urethra
- Trigone of the bladderThe smooth floor between ureteral and urethral openings
- Tunica albuginea of the testisThe fibrous capsule and internal framework of the testis
- Ureteric crossing of the pelvic brimThe ureter's passage over the iliac arterial region
- Ureterovesical junctionAn oblique ureteral passage through the bladder wall
- Urinary bladderA compliant pelvic reservoir with coordinated emptying
- Uterine (Fallopian) tubeA ciliated muscular route from ovary region to uterus
- UterusA muscular pelvic organ with cyclic and gestational roles
- VaginaA distensible muscular passage with surrounding fornices
- VulvaSurface and erectile structures around the genital vestibule
Back
2Head & neck
61- Abducens nucleusCouples the two eyes during horizontal gaze
- AmygdalaLinks the significance of events to emotional responses
- Arachnoid granulationsArachnoid projections associated with CSF outflow
- Arachnoid materMiddle meningeal layer over the CSF-filled space
- Broca's areaFrontal language region within a wider network
- Caudate nucleusCurved striatal nucleus beside the lateral ventricle
- CerebellumAdjusts movement, balance and motor learning
- CerebrumCerebral hemispheres and their connected internal structures
- Cervical lymph node levelsAnatomical regions used to describe cervical nodal disease
- Choroid plexusVentricular secretory tissue forming the blood–CSF barrier
- Corpus callosumCommunication between the cerebral hemispheres
- Deep cervical lymph nodesMajor collecting nodes beside the internal jugular vein
- DentitionPrimary and permanent teeth with different tooth classes
- Dura materFibrous support around the central nervous system
- Facial motor nucleusPontine neurons that move the face
- Frontal lobePlanning actions and guiding behavior
- Globus pallidusPallidal circuits help select and regulate movement
- Hard palateA rigid partition between mouth and nose
- HippocampusBinding experiences into lasting memories
- Hypoglossal nucleusMedullary motor neurons for tongue movement
- HypothalamusCoordinating internal state with behavior and hormones
- InsulaCortex concealed beneath the opercula
- Internal capsuleA compact route between cortex and deeper structures
- Jugulodigastric (tonsillar) nodeProminent upper jugular node receiving tonsillar lymph
- LaryngopharynxThe pharyngeal passage beside and behind the larynx
- LarynxA movable airway valve that produces the voice
- Mammillary bodiesHypothalamic nodes in the episodic-memory circuit
- Medulla oblongataBrainstem junction with the spinal cord
- MidbrainEye movement and motor circuits above the pons
- NasopharynxPharyngeal airway behind the nose
- Nucleus ambiguusMedullary output for swallowing, voice and cardiac control
- Nucleus of the solitary tractMedullary processing of taste and internal-body signals
- Occipital lobeCerebral cortex specialized for vision
- Oculomotor nucleus and Edinger-Westphal nucleusMidbrain neurons controlling eye muscles and parasympathetic output
- Optic chiasmPartial crossing of the visual pathways
- OropharynxThe pharyngeal passage behind the oral cavity
- Palatine tonsilCrypt-bearing lymphoid tissue in the lateral oropharynx
- Parietal lobeSomatic sensation integrated with spatial and learned tasks
- Pericervical lymph node ringRegional nodal groups around the head-neck junction
- Pharyngeal tonsil (adenoid)Adenoid tissue in the roof of the nasopharynx
- PharynxA muscular passage coordinating breathing and swallowing
- Pia materThe meningeal layer closely following neural surfaces
- PonsPontocerebellar connections and cranial nerve circuits
- Postcentral gyrusThe cortical representation of somatic sensation
- Precentral gyrusCortical output for voluntary movement
- PutamenA striatal region involved in movement and learned behavior
- Reticular formationInterconnected brainstem networks for state and bodily control
- Soft palateA mobile valve between oral and nasal passages
- Submandibular lymph nodesLevel Ib nodes surrounding the submandibular gland
- Submental lymph nodesLevel Ia nodes on the mylohyoid beneath the chin
- Substantia nigraDopaminergic modulation and inhibitory basal-ganglia output
- Subthalamic nucleusA glutamatergic node in basal-ganglia circuits
- Temporal lobeAuditory, memory and language-related networks
- ThalamusReciprocal cortical connections for sensation, action and brain state
- TongueInterlacing muscles for taste, food control and speech
- Trigeminal nuclear complexSensory and motor nuclei distributed through the brainstem
- Vestibular foldsUpper laryngeal folds with protective and vocal roles
- Virchow's nodeLeft supraclavicular node associated with distant disease
- Vocal foldsLayered tissue that vibrates and closes the glottis
- Waldeyer's tonsillar ringDiscontinuous tonsillar tissue around the upper pharynx
- Wernicke's areaA historical label within the language network