Corpus cavernosum of the penis

Overview

Each corpus cavernosum begins as a crus on the pubic arch and continues into the penile shaft. Vascular spaces and smooth-muscle trabeculae lie inside a strong tunica albuginea. During erection, greater arterial inflow and restriction of venous outflow raise pressure within these compartments.

Reference facts

Location

A dorsolateral pair in the shaft; proximally the crura attach to the ischiopubic rami.

Parts

Each includes a crus and shaft component containing vascular spaces within tunica albuginea; the dividing septum is incomplete in parts.

Blood supply

Cavernous arteries from the internal pudendal system branch into arteries supplying the erectile spaces.

Innervation

Cavernous autonomic nerves regulate smooth-muscle tone; parasympathetic-associated signalling promotes relaxation and sympathetic activity contributes to contraction.

Venous/Lymphatic drainage

Subtunical venules and emissary veins connect with dorsal and deeper venous pathways to pelvic plexuses.

Relations

Corpus spongiosum lies ventrally; dorsal vessels and nerves lie outside the tunica beneath the deep penile fascia.

Function

Develops the pressure and stiffness needed for erection through coordinated vascular inflow, smooth-muscle relaxation and restricted outflow.

Frequently asked questions