Vessel
Testicular artery
A long gonadal vessel from aorta to spermatic cord
High-yield
An aortic branch near L2 crosses anterior to the ureter before entering the spermatic cord. Deferential and cremasteric arteries provide additional, variable connections.
Overview
The testicular artery keeps an abdominal origin as the testis descends into the scrotum. It travels down the posterior abdominal wall, enters the inguinal canal at the deep ring and accompanies the cord to the testis. Its branches supply testicular tissue and part of the epididymis.
Reference facts
- Origin
- Usually originates from the aorta just inferior to the renal arteries; accessory vessels and alternative origins occur.
- Course
- Descends retroperitoneally, crosses the ureter anteriorly and passes across the iliac region into the deep inguinal ring and cord.
- Branches
- Gives small regional and epididymal branches, then divides into branches entering the testicular capsule and septa.
- Supplies
- Provides the principal arterial supply to the testis and contributes to epididymal perfusion.
- Drains to
- Blood returns through the pampiniform plexus and testicular vein, with additional venous connections in the cord.
Clinical correlation
Twisting of the spermatic cord obstructs venous drainage and can compromise arterial inflow. Collateral arteries exist, but their presence cannot be used to assume that perfusion remains adequate after torsion or arterial injury.
Frequently asked questions
Where does the testicular artery originate?
Usually originates from the aorta just inferior to the renal arteries; accessory vessels and alternative origins occur.
What does the testicular artery supply?
The testicular artery supplies the provides the principal arterial supply to the testis and contributes to epididymal perfusion.
Where does blood from the testicular artery go?
The testicular artery drains to the blood returns through the pampiniform plexus and testicular vein, with additional venous connections in the cord.
What are the branches of the testicular artery?
Branches of the testicular artery include the gives small regional and epididymal branches, then divides into branches entering the testicular capsule and septa.