Vessel
Aorta
The body's main artery
High-yield
Arch branches (right→left): brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, left subclavian. Bifurcates into common iliac arteries at L4.
Overview
The largest artery in the body, carrying oxygenated blood from the left ventricle. It is described in ascending, arch, thoracic (descending), and abdominal parts.
Reference facts
- Type
- Elastic artery
- Origin
- Left ventricle of the heart
- Branches / tributaries
- Coronary arteries (ascending); Brachiocephalic trunk; Left common carotid artery; Left subclavian artery (arch); Posterior intercostal, bronchial, esophageal (thoracic); Celiac, superior/inferior mesenteric, renal, gonadal (abdominal)
- Supplies
- The entire systemic circulation
- Course
- Ascends from the left ventricle, arches to the left over the left main bronchus, descends through the thorax, pierces the diaphragm at T12, and bifurcates at L4
Clinical correlation
Abdominal aortic aneurysm most often occurs below the renal arteries; rupture is a surgical emergency.
Frequently asked questions
Where does the aorta originate?
The aorta arises from the left ventricle of the heart.
What does the aorta supply?
The aorta supplies the entire systemic circulation.
What are the branches of the aorta?
Branches of the aorta include the coronary arteries (ascending); Brachiocephalic trunk; Left common carotid artery; Left subclavian artery (arch); Posterior intercostal, bronchial, esophageal (thoracic); Celiac, superior/inferior mesenteric, renal, gonadal (abdominal).
What is the course of the aorta?
Ascends from the left ventricle, arches to the left over the left main bronchus, descends through the thorax, pierces the diaphragm at T12, and bifurcates at L4.