Muscle
Subscapularis
Rotator cuff - medial rotation
High-yield
Only rotator cuff muscle that medially rotates and inserts on the LESSER tubercle; upper and lower subscapular nerves.
Overview
The only anterior rotator cuff muscle, occupying the subscapular fossa. It medially rotates the arm and prevents anterior dislocation.
Learning this group? Read The rotator cuff muscles, explained.
Reference facts
- Origin
- Subscapular fossa (anterior surface of the scapula)
- Insertion
- Lesser tubercle of the humerus
- Action
- Medially rotates and adducts the arm; stabilises the glenohumeral joint
- Innervation
- Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)
- Blood supply
- Subscapular artery
Frequently asked questions
What does the subscapularis do?
The subscapularis medially rotates and adducts the arm; stabilises the glenohumeral joint.
What nerve innervates the subscapularis?
The subscapularis is innervated by the upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7).
Where does the subscapularis attach?
The subscapularis originates from the subscapular fossa (anterior surface of the scapula) and inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus.
What is the blood supply of the subscapularis?
The subscapularis is supplied by the subscapular artery.