AnatoMemory

Muscle

Gastrocnemius

Superficial calf, crosses the knee

Lower limbMuscular system

High-yield

Crosses both knee and ankle; fast propulsive plantarflexion. Tibial nerve. Forms the triceps surae with soleus.

Overview

The prominent two-headed superficial calf muscle that plantarflexes the ankle and flexes the knee, providing propulsion in jumping and sprinting.

Reference facts

Origin
Lateral and medial condyles of the femur
Insertion
Calcaneus via the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
Action
Plantarflexes the ankle and flexes the knee
Innervation
Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
Blood supply
Sural arteries (from the popliteal artery)

Frequently asked questions

What does the gastrocnemius do?

The gastrocnemius plantarflexes the ankle and flexes the knee.

What nerve innervates the gastrocnemius?

The gastrocnemius is innervated by the tibial nerve (S1, S2).

Where does the gastrocnemius attach?

The gastrocnemius originates from the lateral and medial condyles of the femur and inserts on the calcaneus via the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon.

What is the blood supply of the gastrocnemius?

The gastrocnemius is supplied by the sural arteries (from the popliteal artery).