AnatoMemory

Nerve

Optic nerve (CN II)

Sense of vision

Head & neckNervous system

High-yield

Purely sensory (vision); passes through the optic canal. Afferent limb of the pupillary light reflex.

Overview

The second cranial nerve, transmitting visual information from the retina through the optic canal to the brain; it is a CNS tract, not a true peripheral nerve.

Learning this group? Read How to memorize the cranial nerves.

Reference facts

Roots
Special sensory (cranial nerve / CNS tract)
Course
Retinal ganglion cell axons leave the eye, pass through the optic canal, and partly decussate at the optic chiasm to the lateral geniculate nucleus
Motor
No motor supply - this nerve is purely sensory.
Sensory
Vision from the retina

Frequently asked questions

What type of nerve is the optic nerve (CN II)?

The optic nerve (CN II) is special sensory (cranial nerve / CNS tract).

What muscles does the optic nerve (CN II) supply?

No motor supply - this nerve is purely sensory.

What is the sensory distribution of the optic nerve (CN II)?

The optic nerve (CN II) carries sensation from the vision from the retina.

What is the course of the optic nerve (CN II)?

Retinal ganglion cell axons leave the eye, pass through the optic canal, and partly decussate at the optic chiasm to the lateral geniculate nucleus.