Ligament
Cardinal (transverse cervical) ligament
Paracervical connective tissue supporting the vaginal apex
High-yield
Cardinal and uterosacral tissues act together in apical support. Uterine vessels, autonomic nerves and the nearby ureter make the paracervical region anatomically important.
Overview
The cardinal ligament is a region of vessel-rich connective tissue extending between the cervix and upper vagina and the pelvic sidewall. It works with the uterosacral supports to suspend the vaginal apex. Its organization is broader and more complex than a discrete cord-like ligament.
Reference facts
- Attachments
- Extends from the lateral cervix and upper vagina toward connective tissue around the internal iliac vascular region of the pelvic sidewall.
- Function
- Provides apical support with the uterosacral complex and contains vascular, neural and connective-tissue components.
- Clinical point
- The uterine artery crosses the ureter near the cervix within this broader paracervical region; their distances vary between individuals.
Clinical correlation
Changes in these supports contribute to uterine or vaginal apical prolapse. Their proximity to the ureter and pelvic autonomic nerves explains why surgery in the region can affect urinary and pelvic function.
Frequently asked questions
Where does the cardinal (transverse cervical) ligament attach?
Extends from the lateral cervix and upper vagina toward connective tissue around the internal iliac vascular region of the pelvic sidewall.
What does the cardinal (transverse cervical) ligament do?
Provides apical support with the uterosacral complex and contains vascular, neural and connective-tissue components.
Why does the cardinal (transverse cervical) ligament matter clinically?
The uterine artery crosses the ureter near the cervix within this broader paracervical region; their distances vary between individuals.